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Compare Paracel Islands (2001) - New Zealand (2002)

Compare Paracel Islands (2001) z New Zealand (2002)

 Paracel Islands (2001)New Zealand (2002)
 Paracel IslandsNew Zealand
Administrative divisions - 16 regions; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington, West Coast
Age structure - 0-14 years: 22.2% (male 443,921; female 422,804)


15-64 years: 66.3% (male 1,299,973; female 1,290,097)


65 years and over: 11.5% (male 196,640; female 254,602) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products - wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 106 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 46


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 10


914 to 1,523 m: 28


under 914 m: 5 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 67


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 26


under 914 m: 39 (2002)
Area total:
NA sq km

land:
NA sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 268,680 sq km


land: NA sq km


water: NA sq km


note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
Area - comparative NA about the size of Colorado
Background This archipelago is surrounded by productive fishing grounds and potentially large oil reserves. In 1932, French Indochina annexed the islands and set up a weather station on Prattle Island; maintenance was continued by its successor Vietnam. China has occupied the Paracel Islands since 1974, when its troops captured a South Vietnamese garrison occupying the western islands. However, the islands are still claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan. The Polynesian Maoris reached New Zealand in about the 800 AD. The British proclaimed their sovereignty over the islands in 1840 and began settlement that same year. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand's full participation in number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances.
Birth rate - 14.23 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: $16.7 billion


expenditures: $16.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01)
Capital - Wellington
Climate tropical temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Coastline 518 km 15,134 km
Constitution - consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Paracel Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: New Zealand


abbreviation: NZ
Currency - New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate - 7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $31.1 billion (2001 est.)
Dependent areas - Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Charles J. SWINDELLS


embassy: 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington


mailing address: P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, FPO AP 96531-1001


telephone: [64] (4) 462-6000


FAX: [64] (4) 478-1701


consulate(s) general: Auckland
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador L. John WOOD


chancery: 37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 328-4800


FAX: [1] (202) 667-5227


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York
Disputes - international occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $99.7 million (FY00/01)
Economy - overview China announced plans in 1997 to open the islands for tourism. Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, transforming New Zealand from an agrarian economy dependent on concessionary British market access to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes (but left behind many at the bottom of the ladder), broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. While per capita incomes have been rising, however, they remain below the level of the four largest EU economies, and there is some government concern that New Zealand is not closing the gap. New Zealand is heavily dependent on trade - particularly in agricultural products - to drive growth, and it has been affected by the global economic slowdown and the slump in commodity prices. Thus far the New Zealand economy has been relatively resilient, achieving about 3% growth in 2001, but the New Zealand business cycle tends to lag the US cycle by about six months, so the worst of the downturn may not hit until mid-2002.
Electricity - consumption - 33.315 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 35.823 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 27%


hydro: 66%


nuclear: 0%


other: 7% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Rocky Island 14 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Cook 3,764 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside
Environment - international agreements - party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups - New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4%
Exchange rates - New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997)
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister Helen CLARK (since 10 December 1999) and Deputy Prime Minister Michael CULLEN (since NA September 2002)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Exports - $14.2 billion (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities - dairy products, meat, wood and wood products, fish, machinery
Exports - partners - Australia 20.4%, US 14.5%, Japan 13.5%, UK 5.4%, South Korea, China (2000)
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description - blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation
GDP - purchasing power parity - $75.4 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 8%


industry: 23%


services: 69% (1999)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $19,500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.1% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 16 30 N, 112 00 E 41 00 S, 174 00 E
Geography - note - about 80% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world
Heliports - 1 (2002)
Highways - total: 92,200 km


paved: 53,568 km (including at least 144 km of expressways)


unpaved: 38,632 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 0%


highest 10%: 30% (1991 est.)
Imports - $12.5 billion (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics
Imports - partners - Australia 22.5%, US 17.5%, Japan 11%, UK 4%, China, Germany (2000)
Independence - 26 September 1907 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 3% (2001 est.)
Industries - food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining
Infant mortality rate - 6.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation - ABEDA, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 36 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1993) 2,850 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - High Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force - 1.92 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - services 65%, industry 25%, agriculture 10% (1995) (1995)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100%		 arable land: 5.8%


permanent crops: 6.44%


other: 87.76% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official), Maori (official)
Legal system - based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch - unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats; members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 27 July 2002 (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NZLP 52, NP 27, NZFP 13, ACT New Zealand 9, Green Party 9, UF 8, other 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 78.15 years


male: 75.17 years


female: 81.27 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99% (1980 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, group of small islands and reefs in the South China Sea, about one-third of the way from central Vietnam to the northern Philippines Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims NA continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 68,427 GRT/106,627 DWT


ships by type: bulk 3, cargo 1, container 1, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note occupied by China -
Military branches - New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $515.6 million (2002 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.2% (FY2001/02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,010,316 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 850,185 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 20 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 26,480 (2002 est.)
National holiday - Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality - noun: New Zealander(s)


adjective: New Zealand
Natural hazards typhoons earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity
Natural resources none natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone
Net migration rate - 4.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - petroleum products 160 km; natural gas 1,000 km; liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 150 km
Political parties and leaders - ACT New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Alliance (a coalition of the New Labor Party, Democratic Party, New Zealand Liberal Party, and Mana Motuhake) [James (Jim) ANDERTON]; Green Party [Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD]; National Party or NP [William (Bill) English]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; United Future or UF [leader NA]; United New Zealand or UNZ [Peter DUNNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants

note:
there are scattered Chinese garrisons (July 2001 est.)		 3,908,037 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.12% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors small Chinese port facilities on Woody Island and Duncan Island being expanded Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington
Radio broadcast stations - AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios - 3.75 million (1997)
Railways - total: 3,908 km


narrow gauge: 3,908 km 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified) (2001)
Religions - Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: excellent domestic and international systems


domestic: NA


international: submarine cables to Australia and Fiji; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 1.92 million (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 2.2 million (2000)
Television broadcast stations - 41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain mostly low and flat predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains
Total fertility rate - 1.8 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 5.5% (2001 est.)
Waterways none 1,609 km


note: of little importance in satisfying total transportation requirements
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